The Netherlands
In 2020-2021, in response to the COVID 19 pandemic, The Netherlands has committed at least USD 39.84 billion to supporting different energy types through new or amended policies, according to official government sources and other publicly available information. These public money commitments include:
- Some public money committed for unconditional fossil fuels (3 policies with the value of public money unquantified)
- At least USD 3.88 billion for conditional fossil fuels through 1 policy (1 quantified)
- No public money commitments identified for unconditional clean energy
- At least USD 1.71 billion for conditional clean energy through 1 policy (1 quantified)
- At least USD 34.25 billion for other energy through 2 policies (1 quantified and 1 unquantified)
By energy type, The Netherlands committed at least USD 3.88 billion to oil and gas (at least USD 3.88 billion to conditional oil and gas).
In addition, some public money committed for coal (1 policy with the value of public money unquantified).
Further, no public money commitments identified for hydrogen based on fossil fuels.
Finally, some public money committed for multiple fossil fuels (1 policy with the value of public money unquantified).
A considerably larger amount of public money committed to supporting the economy and people of The Netherlands through monetary and fiscal policies in response to the crisis may also benefit different elements of the energy sector. However, these values are not available from official legislation and statements and therefore are not included in the database. Meanwhile, in addition to monetary and fiscal measures, the database lists other policies and regulations that can also provide benefits to producers and consumers of different energy types.
These public money commitments are additional to many other government policies that had existed to support different energy types before the COVID19 pandemic.
More information on key poverty and inequality indicators in The Netherlands can be found on the Inequality and Poverty Dashboard page.
At least
$3.88 billion
Supporting fossil fuel energy
$223.93
Per capita
At least
$1.71 billion
Supporting clean energy
$98.79
Per capita
The Netherlands
In 2020-2021, in response to the COVID 19 pandemic, The Netherlands has committed at least USD 39.84 billion to supporting different energy types through new or amended policies, according to official government sources and other publicly available information. These public money commitments include:
- Some public money committed for unconditional fossil fuels (3 policies with the value of public money unquantified)
- At least USD 3.88 billion for conditional fossil fuels through 1 policy (1 quantified)
- No public money commitments identified for unconditional clean energy
- At least USD 1.71 billion for conditional clean energy through 1 policy (1 quantified)
- At least USD 34.25 billion for other energy through 2 policies (1 quantified and 1 unquantified)
By energy type, The Netherlands committed at least USD 3.88 billion to oil and gas (at least USD 3.88 billion to conditional oil and gas).
In addition, some public money committed for coal (1 policy with the value of public money unquantified).
Further, no public money commitments identified for hydrogen based on fossil fuels.
Finally, some public money committed for multiple fossil fuels (1 policy with the value of public money unquantified).
A considerably larger amount of public money committed to supporting the economy and people of The Netherlands through monetary and fiscal policies in response to the crisis may also benefit different elements of the energy sector. However, these values are not available from official legislation and statements and therefore are not included in the database. Meanwhile, in addition to monetary and fiscal measures, the database lists other policies and regulations that can also provide benefits to producers and consumers of different energy types.
These public money commitments are additional to many other government policies that had existed to support different energy types before the COVID19 pandemic.
More information on key poverty and inequality indicators in The Netherlands can be found on the Inequality and Poverty Dashboard page.
Public money commitments to fossil fuels, clean and other energy in The Netherlands recovery packages, USD billion, in 2020-2021
| Country | Jurisdiction | Category | Policy name | Sector | Energy Type | Mechanism | Value committed, USD | Date of announcement | Stage | Legislation and Endorsing Agency | Arm of Government | Primary and secondary stated objective of the policy | Date of entry into force | Implemented repeal date, if any | Value committed, national currency | Value disbursed, national currency | Value disbursed, USD: | Policy background | Links to official sources | Links to additional sources | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Netherlands | National | Other energy | EU Commission approves €30 billion in state aid to Dutch scheme to support projects reducing green... | Multiple sectors | Multiple energy types | Budget or off-budget transfer ... | 34246575342.466 | 14/12/2020 | Several energy stages | European Commission | Government | To support projects to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the Netherlands | 30000000000 | The European Commission has approved, under EU State aid rules, a €30 billion Dutch scheme to support projects to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the Netherlands. The scheme (Stimulering Duurzame Energieproductie, “SDE++”) will contribute to the EU environmental objectives without unduly distorting competition. The Netherlands notified the Commission of their plans to introduce a new scheme, the SDE++ to support a range of projects aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the Netherlands. The SDE++, with an estimated total budget of around €30 billion, will run until 2025. The scheme will be open to projects based on renewable electricity, gas and heat, the use of industrial waste heat and heat pumps, the electrification of industrial heat processes and electrification of hydrogen production, and carbon capture and storage (CCS) for industrial processes, including hydrogen production and waste incineration. Beneficiaries will be selected, the support level set, and the aid allocated, through competitive bidding processes. The beneficiaries will receive support via a variable premium contract of the duration of up to 15 years. The payments beneficiaries receive will be adjusted based on the evolution of the relevant market price (for example, electricity, gas, carbon) over the lifetime of the support contract. | https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_20_2410 (accessed 14 Dec 2020) |
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| The Netherlands | National | Clean conditional | Compensation to cover losses made by public transport companies due to Corona | Mobility | Multiple energy types | Budget or off-budget transfer ... | 1712328767.1233 | 05/06/2020 | Energy use (all energy types, consumption in transport, household use, buildings etc) | Dutch government | Government | Compensating public transport companies for losses made due to reduced travel because of Corona | 05/06/2020 | 31/12/2020 | 1500000000 | The government is compensating public transport companies for losses they made due to reduced travel due to Corona | https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/actueel/nieuws/2020/06/05/financiele-regeling-voor-ov-bedrijven Accessed 28 September 2020 |
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| The Netherlands | National | Fossil unconditional | Tax deferral on almost entirely CO2-based passenger cars and motorcycles tax | Mobility | Oil and oil products | Tax or royalty or govt fee bre... | 17/03/2020 | Energy use (all energy types, consumption in transport, household use, buildings etc) | Dutch government | Government | Lowering costs for businesses | 01/04/2020 | 31/12/2020 | Car owners and corporations benefit from a deferral for a CO2-based tax for passenger cars and motorcycles. The measure was initially approved in March 2020 and its application further extended in August 2020. | https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/coronavirus-financiele-regelingen/overzicht-financiele-regelingen/belastingmaatregelen Accessed 16 June 2020 |
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| The Netherlands | National | Other energy | Tax deferral on sustainable energy surcharge | Multiple sectors | Multiple energy types | Tax or royalty or govt fee bre... | 17/03/2020 | Energy use (all energy types, consumption in transport, household use, buildings etc) | Dutch government | Government | Lowering operational costs for businesses | 01/04/2020 | 31/12/2020 | Corporations benefit from a tax deferral for the sustainable energy surcharge. This is a surcharge that is normally levied over energy use (both fossil and renewable, but primarily fossil since fossil fuels still make up 90% of primary energy in the Netherlands) and for which the revenues are earmarked for investments in the energy transition. It is unclear when the deferred taxes need to be repaid. The measure was initially approved in March 2020 and its application further extended in August 2020. | https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/coronavirus-financiele-regelingen/overzicht-financiele-regelingen/belastingmaatregelen Accessed 16 June 2020 |
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| The Netherlands | National | Fossil unconditional | Environmental tax deferral (coal tax) | Multiple sectors | Coal | Tax or royalty or govt fee bre... | 17/03/2020 | Several energy stages | Dutch government | Government | Lowering operational costs for businesses | 01/04/2020 | 31/12/2020 | Coal users (industry and utilities) benefit from deferred coal taxes. It is unclear when the deferred taxes need to be repaid. Even prior to COVID-19 multiple exemptions applied to the coal tax. The measure was initially approved in March 2020 and its application further extended in August 2020. | https://www.belastingdienst.nl/wps/wcm/connect/nl/ondernemers/content/bijzonder-uitstel-van-betaling-vanwege-coronacrisis Accessed 16 June 2020 |
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| The Netherlands | National | Fossil unconditional | Environmental tax deferral (energy tax) | Multiple sectors | Multiple fossil | Tax or royalty or govt fee bre... | 17/03/2020 | Energy use (all energy types, consumption in transport, household use, buildings etc) | Dutch government | Government | Lowering operational costs for businesses | 01/04/2020 | 31/12/2020 | Corporations benefit from a tax deferral for the energy tax, available for the months of April till October. Businesses have to repay the deferred tax in December. The total costs of all tax deferrals (including this one) are estimated at 32 billion euros in 2020 (4.3% of GDP). Total public guarantee schemes are estimated at 30.6 billion euros in 2020 (4% of GDP). The measure was initially approved in March 2020 and its application further extended in August 2020. | https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/coronavirus-financiele-regelingen/overzicht-financiele-regelingen/energiebelastingen Accessed 16 June 2020 |
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| The Netherlands | National | Fossil conditional | KLM loan and loan guarantee | Mobility | Oil and oil products | Other hybrid support measures | 3881278538.8128 | 24/04/2020 | Energy use (all energy types, consumption in transport, household use, buildings etc) | Dutch government | Government | Preventing KLM from going bankrupt | 26/06/2020 | 3400000000 | The only environmental condition for the bailout is that KLM will reduce its night flights from Schiphol by 20%, from 32 thousand to 25 thousand per year. KLM also has to comply with already existing requirements to emit 50% less CO2 per passenger by 2030 and that 14 percent of used fuels should be sustainable. The emission reduction goal was set by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and thus nothing additional to what was already agreed. The 14% sustainable fuels objective was already adopted earlier this year in a Dutch Draft Sustainable Aviation Agreement. | https://nltimes.nl/2020/06/26/klm-get-eu34-billion-coronavirus-support-package-20-schiphol-night-flights-cut https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/actueel/nieuws/2020/06/26/kabinet-biedt-financiele-steun-aan-klm-als-gevolg-van-de-coronacrisis https://www.greenpeace.org/nl/klimaatverandering/41983/rechtszaak-tegen-34-miljard-staatssteun-voor-klm/ Accessed 6 July 2020 https://nos.nl/artikel/2331722-miljardensteun-voor-klm-maar-hoe-belangrijk-is-de-luchtvaartmaatschappij.html Accessed 6 July 2020 https://news.klm.com/klm-grateful-for-2-4-billion-in-state-aid-pledged-by-dutch-government/ Accessed 6 July 2020 |
https://web.archive.org/web/20200425173402/ https://nos.nl/artikel/2331722-miljardensteun-voor-klm-maar-hoe-belangrijk-is-de-luchtvaartmaatschappij.html Accessed 6 July 2020 |
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